Getting started in QRP

I want to get back into ham radio and I plan to start with QRP. Right now I have no equipment except a $10 analog shortwave superheterodyne receiver, an analog multimeter, and a soldering iron.

Here's my current plan for getting started with QRP. The plan is designed to get me experience in building rigs and to have a useful array of test equipment that will serve me later, as well as keeping costs down.

1. Build 2-transistor regenerative receiver (circuit here, original Japanese webpage here http://www.puni.net/~aniki/school/radio/3.htm) and practice copying CW.

2. Build RF probe and verify existence of RF at the output of the regenerative detector in the above circuit.

3. Build frequency counter from commercial kit and connect to the regenerative receiver to confirm tuning range. Experiment with inductors to change the tuning range.

4. Build the small transmitting loop antenna for 40m at http://carconline.blogspot.com/2009/01/tuneable-magnetic-loop-antenna-fo... and http://carconline.blogspot.com/2009/01/coaxial-cable-40m-tunable-magneti....

5. Verify operation of the antenna using regenerative receiver on 40m. Loop antenna should be better than random wire antenna.

6. Build field strength meter.

7. Build SWR meter.

8. Build the SW40+ transceiver (http://www.smallwonderlabs.com/swl_swp.htm). It has good reviews, puts out 2 watts (can be modded to 5 watts), has VFO tuning, and works on 40m to match the above loop antenna.

9. Use RF probe to confirm existence of RF in the SW40+ circuits and understand circuit operation.

10. Use frequency counter to confirm actual VFO frequency of SW40+.

11. Build dummy load. Connect dummy load to SW40+ and measure power output of SW40+ (http://brainwagon.org/2009/01/08/dummy-loadwatt-meter-experiment/)

12. Connect SW40+ to SWR meter and loop antenna. Tune loop antenna for minimum SWR by adjusting coax braid length ("poor man's variable capacitor").

13. Use field strength meter to verify antenna radiation. Hopefully have some QSO's at this point.

14. Measure spurious emissions from SW40+. I imagine I need a spectrum analyzer and an oscilloscope, which are very pricey. I'm still trying to figure out a way to keep these costs down.

15. Build minimalist transmitter, receiver, and transceiver rigs like the Pixie, and experiment with VXO operation. Use all of above equipment to verify frequency, power, antenna radiation, SWR, and spurious emissions.

Originally I had wanted to start with the Pixie, as I love its minimalist
approach. But after doing some more research it seems it's a big
challenge to work with such a minimalist rig, so I decided to first go
with a more complex but proven rig, the SW40+. This will allow me to
make some QSO's and verify my antenna setup before moving to the
greater challenge of ultra-minimalist transceiver designs.

I'm wondering about step (4) and (14). For step (4), I'm not sure if a 2 watt QRP rig like the SW40+ will work with a small transmitting loop. For step (14), I'm not sure how to measure spurious emissions cheaply.

Is there any other equipment I should consider having in my QRP arsenal? Are there other measurements I should be taking of my rigs? Are there good kits you could recommend? I welcome your comments!

 

Comments

Loop antennas

Thanks for the comments Dennis. I think I want to hold off on digital modes until after I gain some CW experience. I want the fun of decoding the signals from my QRP gear with my own ears :)

About loop antennas, how about this slightly larger one, the DCTL? http://www.io.com/~n5fc/dctl_ant.htm Or this one: http://www.g4fon.net/MagLoopTwo.htm

Do you think those might work better?

I don't know how well they

I don't know how well they would work, but they look easy enough to duplicate.  I do know a 1 meter diameter is usually the minimum for a 10 or 14MHz antenna.  Perfomance of that size loop at 7MHz suffers quite a bit.  Here is a great site for loop antennas:  http://www.alexloop.com/

I don't know what type of antenna restrictions you are dealing with. but I had good luck on QRP using just a random wire antenna as long as I had a good counterpoise.  At my current QTH I was driven to the mag loop in an attempt to overcome the RF hash and noise along with antenna restrictions.

 

 

Mag Loops and QRP

For the last several years I have been running QRP with a MFJ Magnetic Loop antenna with pretty fair results.  I went with the loop due to CC&R antenna restrictions and a local S-9+ noise level.  The loop is a very quiet antenna. With it the noise level was down to S6-7, so I could hear some signals on CW using DSP for further noise reduction. There are two problems I see with your plan.  The loop you are planning on building would be very inefficient on 7mhz, as at that frequency it would be physically small even for a mag loop.  The other problem is, loops have a very narrow bandwidth and even a few kc excursion requires re-tuning.  If you need to go with a loop antenna, I would suggest you build something like the Small Wonders Lab PSK-31 transceiver.  With PSK you are on a fixed RF frequency, and you don't need to retune the antenna as the tuning is done in the audio passband.  Otherwise, something like a dipole antenna at a decent elevation would offer a better chance for contacts and less frustration.  However, I will say using the MFJ loop and a PSK-31 I have worked a lot of countries with a couple of watts on 20 meters.

I would also like to congratulate you on your willingness to learn by doing and building rather than just buying.

Good Luck Dennis W7WJ